More than two years after Hurricane Katrina, a large proportion of New Orleans residents are in poor health, lack health insurance, and have no regular source of care. To stabilize and strengthen primary care in the metropolitan area, the federal government awarded the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals a $100 million grant to assist in the restoration and expansion of outpatient neighborhood primary care services. The goals are to increase access to care, provide evidence-based care, help neighborhood physician practices become sustainable business entities, and develop an organized system of care that can serve the city in the future. This project will evaluate progress made in creating a network of primary care medical homes at the neighborhood level, assess improvements in access to primary care, and estimate health system costs. Project results will inform other efforts around the nation to improve primary care for underserved populations.