The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act authorized $36 billion for health information technology (IT) spending through 2016. HITECH will help fund regional extension centers, which supply physician practices and other providers with technical and change-management services to help them adopt and use health IT effectively. The New York City Primary Care Information Project, the Massachusetts eHealth Collaborative, and programs of some private independent practice associations and hospital-affiliated medical groups are already providing IT services to affiliated solo and small practices, which are especially in need of them. This project will assess how these programs are organized and run, which services they provide and at what cost, and what challenges they face. The answers to these questions will aid in the implementation of regional extension centers and associated federal regulations nationwide.