China’s increasing use of health care services may be as much due to the nation’s recent expansion of health coverage as to its rapidly modernizing economy. In an invited commentary in JAMA Internal Medicine, David Blumenthal, M.D., William Hsiao, and Daniel M. Blumenthal, M.D., seek to explain why procedures for coronary artery disease performed in China’s urban hospitals increased more than 15-fold from 2001 to 2011.