When properly supported, health centers have demonstrated their ability to serve as patient- and community-centered medical homes. This Commonwealth Fund–supported report, available on the George Washington University Web site, finds that further evolution toward a patient-centered medical home model depends on realigning payment incentives to ensure that health centers are able to sustain vital resources. For example, health centers need to be able to adopt and maintain the clinical, administrative, and health information technology changes linked to quality improvement efforts; recruit and retain clinical, administration, and support staff; secure the financial capital needed to add additional operating hours and locations; and establish reliable referral arrangements for patients requiring specialty care.