If Republicans are unable to revive last week’s failed effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the nation will need to turn back to ensuring the long-term success of the law. In a new To the Point post, The Commonwealth Fund’s Sara Collins and David Blumenthal, M.D., look at how the Trump administration could use its executive authority to sustain or undermine the law’s key coverage and health system delivery provisions. They also discuss ways Congress might ensure the stability of the individual health insurance markets nationwide. The authors say that as policymakers consider their options, they must keep in mind what’s at stake: the health and well-being of real people with real health care problems.